[ SEA-GHOST MINI SHELL]

Path : /proc/2/root/usr/share/doc/python-docs-2.7.5/html/library/
FILE UPLOADER :
Current File : //proc/2/root/usr/share/doc/python-docs-2.7.5/html/library/numeric.html


<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
  "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">


<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
  <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
    
    <title>9. Numeric and Mathematical Modules &mdash; Python 2.7.5 documentation</title>
    
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/default.css" type="text/css" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" />
    
    <script type="text/javascript">
      var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = {
        URL_ROOT:    '../',
        VERSION:     '2.7.5',
        COLLAPSE_INDEX: false,
        FILE_SUFFIX: '.html',
        HAS_SOURCE:  true
      };
    </script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/sidebar.js"></script>
    <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml"
          title="Search within Python 2.7.5 documentation"
          href="../_static/opensearch.xml"/>
    <link rel="author" title="About these documents" href="../about.html" />
    <link rel="copyright" title="Copyright" href="../copyright.html" />
    <link rel="top" title="Python 2.7.5 documentation" href="../index.html" />
    <link rel="up" title="The Python Standard Library" href="index.html" />
    <link rel="next" title="9.1. numbers — Numeric abstract base classes" href="numbers.html" />
    <link rel="prev" title="8.19. repr — Alternate repr() implementation" href="repr.html" />
    <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="../_static/py.png" />
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/copybutton.js"></script>
    
 

  </head>
  <body>
    <div class="related">
      <h3>Navigation</h3>
      <ul>
        <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
          <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index"
             accesskey="I">index</a></li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index"
             >modules</a> |</li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="numbers.html" title="9.1. numbers — Numeric abstract base classes"
             accesskey="N">next</a> |</li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="repr.html" title="8.19. repr — Alternate repr() implementation"
             accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li>
        <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt=""
                 style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li>
        <li><a href="http://www.python.org/">Python</a> &raquo;</li>
        <li>
          <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.5 documentation</a> &raquo;
        </li>

          <li><a href="index.html" accesskey="U">The Python Standard Library</a> &raquo;</li> 
      </ul>
    </div>  

    <div class="document">
      <div class="documentwrapper">
        <div class="bodywrapper">
          <div class="body">
            
  <div class="section" id="numeric-and-mathematical-modules">
<span id="numeric"></span><h1>9. Numeric and Mathematical Modules<a class="headerlink" href="#numeric-and-mathematical-modules" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>The modules described in this chapter provide numeric and math-related functions
and data types. The <a class="reference internal" href="numbers.html#module-numbers" title="numbers: Numeric abstract base classes (Complex, Real, Integral, etc.)."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">numbers</span></tt></a> module defines an abstract hierarchy of
numeric types. The <a class="reference internal" href="math.html#module-math" title="math: Mathematical functions (sin() etc.)."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">math</span></tt></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="cmath.html#module-cmath" title="cmath: Mathematical functions for complex numbers."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">cmath</span></tt></a> modules contain various
mathematical functions for floating-point and complex numbers. For users more
interested in decimal accuracy than in speed, the <a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#module-decimal" title="decimal: Implementation of the General Decimal Arithmetic  Specification."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">decimal</span></tt></a> module supports
exact representations of decimal numbers.</p>
<p>The following modules are documented in this chapter:</p>
<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
<ul>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="numbers.html">9.1. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">numbers</span></tt> &#8212; Numeric abstract base classes</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="numbers.html#the-numeric-tower">9.1.1. The numeric tower</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="numbers.html#notes-for-type-implementors">9.1.2. Notes for type implementors</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="numbers.html#adding-more-numeric-abcs">9.1.2.1. Adding More Numeric ABCs</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="numbers.html#implementing-the-arithmetic-operations">9.1.2.2. Implementing the arithmetic operations</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="math.html">9.2. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">math</span></tt> &#8212; Mathematical functions</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="math.html#number-theoretic-and-representation-functions">9.2.1. Number-theoretic and representation functions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="math.html#power-and-logarithmic-functions">9.2.2. Power and logarithmic functions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="math.html#trigonometric-functions">9.2.3. Trigonometric functions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="math.html#angular-conversion">9.2.4. Angular conversion</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="math.html#hyperbolic-functions">9.2.5. Hyperbolic functions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="math.html#special-functions">9.2.6. Special functions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="math.html#constants">9.2.7. Constants</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="cmath.html">9.3. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cmath</span></tt> &#8212; Mathematical functions for complex numbers</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cmath.html#conversions-to-and-from-polar-coordinates">9.3.1. Conversions to and from polar coordinates</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cmath.html#power-and-logarithmic-functions">9.3.2. Power and logarithmic functions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cmath.html#trigonometric-functions">9.3.3. Trigonometric functions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cmath.html#hyperbolic-functions">9.3.4. Hyperbolic functions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cmath.html#classification-functions">9.3.5. Classification functions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cmath.html#constants">9.3.6. Constants</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html">9.4. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">decimal</span></tt> &#8212; Decimal fixed point and floating point arithmetic</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#quick-start-tutorial">9.4.1. Quick-start Tutorial</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#decimal-objects">9.4.2. Decimal objects</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#logical-operands">9.4.2.1. Logical operands</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#context-objects">9.4.3. Context objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#signals">9.4.4. Signals</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#floating-point-notes">9.4.5. Floating Point Notes</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#mitigating-round-off-error-with-increased-precision">9.4.5.1. Mitigating round-off error with increased precision</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#special-values">9.4.5.2. Special values</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#working-with-threads">9.4.6. Working with threads</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#recipes">9.4.7. Recipes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#decimal-faq">9.4.8. Decimal FAQ</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="fractions.html">9.5. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fractions</span></tt> &#8212; Rational numbers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="random.html">9.6. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">random</span></tt> &#8212; Generate pseudo-random numbers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="itertools.html">9.7. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">itertools</span></tt> &#8212; Functions creating iterators for efficient looping</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="itertools.html#itertool-functions">9.7.1. Itertool functions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="itertools.html#recipes">9.7.2. Recipes</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="functools.html">9.8. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">functools</span></tt> &#8212; Higher-order functions and operations on callable objects</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="functools.html#partial-objects">9.8.1. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">partial</span></tt> Objects</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="operator.html">9.9. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">operator</span></tt> &#8212; Standard operators as functions</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="operator.html#mapping-operators-to-functions">9.9.1. Mapping Operators to Functions</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>


          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="sphinxsidebar">
        <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
  <h4>Previous topic</h4>
  <p class="topless"><a href="repr.html"
                        title="previous chapter">8.19. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">repr</span></tt> &#8212; Alternate <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">repr()</span></tt> implementation</a></p>
  <h4>Next topic</h4>
  <p class="topless"><a href="numbers.html"
                        title="next chapter">9.1. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">numbers</span></tt> &#8212; Numeric abstract base classes</a></p>
<h3>This Page</h3>
<ul class="this-page-menu">
  <li><a href="../bugs.html">Report a Bug</a></li>
  <li><a href="../_sources/library/numeric.txt"
         rel="nofollow">Show Source</a></li>
</ul>

<div id="searchbox" style="display: none">
  <h3>Quick search</h3>
    <form class="search" action="../search.html" method="get">
      <input type="text" name="q" />
      <input type="submit" value="Go" />
      <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
      <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
    </form>
    <p class="searchtip" style="font-size: 90%">
    Enter search terms or a module, class or function name.
    </p>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="clearer"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="related">
      <h3>Navigation</h3>
      <ul>
        <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
          <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index"
             >index</a></li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index"
             >modules</a> |</li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="numbers.html" title="9.1. numbers — Numeric abstract base classes"
             >next</a> |</li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="repr.html" title="8.19. repr — Alternate repr() implementation"
             >previous</a> |</li>
        <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt=""
                 style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li>
        <li><a href="http://www.python.org/">Python</a> &raquo;</li>
        <li>
          <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.5 documentation</a> &raquo;
        </li>

          <li><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> &raquo;</li> 
      </ul>
    </div>
    <div class="footer">
    &copy; <a href="../copyright.html">Copyright</a> 1990-2020, Python Software Foundation.
    <br />
    The Python Software Foundation is a non-profit corporation.
    <a href="http://www.python.org/psf/donations/">Please donate.</a>
    <br />
    Last updated on Oct 13, 2020.
    <a href="../bugs.html">Found a bug</a>?
    <br />
    Created using <a href="http://sphinx.pocoo.org/">Sphinx</a> 1.1.3.
    </div>

  </body>
</html>

SEA-GHOST - SHELL CODING BY SEA-GHOST