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  <div class="section" id="module-platform">
<span id="platform-access-to-underlying-platform-s-identifying-data"></span><h1>15.15. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-platform" title="platform: Retrieves as much platform identifying data as possible."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">platform</span></tt></a> &#8212;  Access to underlying platform&#8217;s identifying data<a class="headerlink" href="#module-platform" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p class="versionadded">
<span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.3.</span></p>
<p><strong>Source code:</strong> <a class="reference external" href="http://hg.python.org/cpython/file/2.7/Lib/platform.py">Lib/platform.py</a></p>
<hr class="docutils" />
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">Specific platforms listed alphabetically, with Linux included in the Unix
section.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="cross-platform">
<h2>15.15.1. Cross Platform<a class="headerlink" href="#cross-platform" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.architecture">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">architecture</tt><big>(</big><em>executable=sys.executable</em>, <em>bits=''</em>, <em>linkage=''</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.architecture" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Queries the given executable (defaults to the Python interpreter binary) for
various architecture information.</p>
<p>Returns a tuple <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(bits,</span> <span class="pre">linkage)</span></tt> which contain information about the bit
architecture and the linkage format used for the executable. Both values are
returned as strings.</p>
<p>Values that cannot be determined are returned as given by the parameter presets.
If bits is given as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">''</span></tt>, the <tt class="xref c c-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">sizeof(pointer)()</span></tt> (or
<tt class="xref c c-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">sizeof(long)()</span></tt> on Python version &lt; 1.5.2) is used as indicator for the
supported pointer size.</p>
<p>The function relies on the system&#8217;s <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">file</span></tt> command to do the actual work.
This is available on most if not all Unix  platforms and some non-Unix platforms
and then only if the executable points to the Python interpreter.  Reasonable
defaults are used when the above needs are not met.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>On Mac OS X (and perhaps other platforms), executable files may be
universal files containing multiple architectures.</p>
<p>To get at the &#8220;64-bitness&#8221; of the current interpreter, it is more
reliable to query the <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#sys.maxsize" title="sys.maxsize"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.maxsize</span></tt></a> attribute:</p>
<div class="last highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="n">is_64bits</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sys</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">maxsize</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="mi">32</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.machine">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">machine</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.machine" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns the machine type, e.g. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'i386'</span></tt>. An empty string is returned if the
value cannot be determined.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.node">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">node</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.node" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns the computer&#8217;s network name (may not be fully qualified!). An empty
string is returned if the value cannot be determined.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.platform">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">platform</tt><big>(</big><em>aliased=0</em>, <em>terse=0</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.platform" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns a single string identifying the underlying platform with as much useful
information as possible.</p>
<p>The output is intended to be <em>human readable</em> rather than machine parseable. It
may look different on different platforms and this is intended.</p>
<p>If <em>aliased</em> is true, the function will use aliases for various platforms that
report system names which differ from their common names, for example SunOS will
be reported as Solaris.  The <a class="reference internal" href="#platform.system_alias" title="platform.system_alias"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">system_alias()</span></tt></a> function is used to implement
this.</p>
<p>Setting <em>terse</em> to true causes the function to return only the absolute minimum
information needed to identify the platform.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.processor">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">processor</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.processor" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns the (real) processor name, e.g. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'amdk6'</span></tt>.</p>
<p>An empty string is returned if the value cannot be determined. Note that many
platforms do not provide this information or simply return the same value as for
<a class="reference internal" href="#platform.machine" title="platform.machine"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">machine()</span></tt></a>.  NetBSD does this.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.python_build">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">python_build</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.python_build" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns a tuple <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(buildno,</span> <span class="pre">builddate)</span></tt> stating the Python build number and
date as strings.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.python_compiler">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">python_compiler</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.python_compiler" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns a string identifying the compiler used for compiling Python.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.python_branch">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">python_branch</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.python_branch" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns a string identifying the Python implementation SCM branch.</p>
<p class="versionadded">
<span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.6.</span></p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.python_implementation">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">python_implementation</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.python_implementation" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns a string identifying the Python implementation. Possible return values
are: &#8216;CPython&#8217;, &#8216;IronPython&#8217;, &#8216;Jython&#8217;, &#8216;PyPy&#8217;.</p>
<p class="versionadded">
<span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.6.</span></p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.python_revision">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">python_revision</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.python_revision" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns a string identifying the Python implementation SCM revision.</p>
<p class="versionadded">
<span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.6.</span></p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.python_version">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">python_version</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.python_version" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns the Python version as string <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'major.minor.patchlevel'</span></tt></p>
<p>Note that unlike the Python <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.version</span></tt>, the returned value will always
include the patchlevel (it defaults to 0).</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.python_version_tuple">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">python_version_tuple</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.python_version_tuple" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns the Python version as tuple <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(major,</span> <span class="pre">minor,</span> <span class="pre">patchlevel)</span></tt> of strings.</p>
<p>Note that unlike the Python <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.version</span></tt>, the returned value will always
include the patchlevel (it defaults to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'0'</span></tt>).</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.release">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">release</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.release" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns the system&#8217;s release, e.g. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'2.2.0'</span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'NT'</span></tt> An empty string is
returned if the value cannot be determined.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.system">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">system</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.system" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns the system/OS name, e.g. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'Linux'</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'Windows'</span></tt>, or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'Java'</span></tt>. An
empty string is returned if the value cannot be determined.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.system_alias">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">system_alias</tt><big>(</big><em>system</em>, <em>release</em>, <em>version</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.system_alias" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(system,</span> <span class="pre">release,</span> <span class="pre">version)</span></tt> aliased to common marketing names used
for some systems.  It also does some reordering of the information in some cases
where it would otherwise cause confusion.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.version">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">version</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.version" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns the system&#8217;s release version, e.g. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'#3</span> <span class="pre">on</span> <span class="pre">degas'</span></tt>. An empty string is
returned if the value cannot be determined.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.uname">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">uname</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.uname" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Fairly portable uname interface. Returns a tuple of strings <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(system,</span> <span class="pre">node,</span>
<span class="pre">release,</span> <span class="pre">version,</span> <span class="pre">machine,</span> <span class="pre">processor)</span></tt> identifying the underlying platform.</p>
<p>Note that unlike the <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.uname" title="os.uname"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">os.uname()</span></tt></a> function this also returns possible
processor information as additional tuple entry.</p>
<p>Entries which cannot be determined are set to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">''</span></tt>.</p>
</dd></dl>

</div>
<div class="section" id="java-platform">
<h2>15.15.2. Java Platform<a class="headerlink" href="#java-platform" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.java_ver">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">java_ver</tt><big>(</big><em>release=''</em>, <em>vendor=''</em>, <em>vminfo=(''</em>, <em>''</em>, <em>'')</em>, <em>osinfo=(''</em>, <em>''</em>, <em>'')</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.java_ver" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Version interface for Jython.</p>
<p>Returns a tuple <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(release,</span> <span class="pre">vendor,</span> <span class="pre">vminfo,</span> <span class="pre">osinfo)</span></tt> with <em>vminfo</em> being a
tuple <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(vm_name,</span> <span class="pre">vm_release,</span> <span class="pre">vm_vendor)</span></tt> and <em>osinfo</em> being a tuple
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(os_name,</span> <span class="pre">os_version,</span> <span class="pre">os_arch)</span></tt>. Values which cannot be determined are set to
the defaults given as parameters (which all default to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">''</span></tt>).</p>
</dd></dl>

</div>
<div class="section" id="windows-platform">
<h2>15.15.3. Windows Platform<a class="headerlink" href="#windows-platform" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.win32_ver">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">win32_ver</tt><big>(</big><em>release=''</em>, <em>version=''</em>, <em>csd=''</em>, <em>ptype=''</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.win32_ver" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Get additional version information from the Windows Registry and return a tuple
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(version,</span> <span class="pre">csd,</span> <span class="pre">ptype)</span></tt> referring to version number, CSD level
(service pack) and OS type (multi/single processor).</p>
<p>As a hint: <em>ptype</em> is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'Uniprocessor</span> <span class="pre">Free'</span></tt> on single processor NT machines
and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'Multiprocessor</span> <span class="pre">Free'</span></tt> on multi processor machines. The <em>&#8216;Free&#8217;</em> refers
to the OS version being free of debugging code. It could also state <em>&#8216;Checked&#8217;</em>
which means the OS version uses debugging code, i.e. code that checks arguments,
ranges, etc.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">This function works best with Mark Hammond&#8217;s
<tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">win32all</span></tt> package installed, but also on Python 2.3 and
later (support for this was added in Python 2.6). It obviously
only runs on Win32 compatible platforms.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<div class="section" id="win95-98-specific">
<h3>15.15.3.1. Win95/98 specific<a class="headerlink" href="#win95-98-specific" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.popen">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">popen</tt><big>(</big><em>cmd</em>, <em>mode='r'</em>, <em>bufsize=None</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.popen" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Portable <a class="reference internal" href="#platform.popen" title="platform.popen"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">popen()</span></tt></a> interface.  Find a working popen implementation
preferring <tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">win32pipe.popen()</span></tt>.  On Windows NT, <tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">win32pipe.popen()</span></tt>
should work; on Windows 9x it hangs due to bugs in the MS C library.</p>
</dd></dl>

</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="mac-os-platform">
<h2>15.15.4. Mac OS Platform<a class="headerlink" href="#mac-os-platform" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.mac_ver">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">mac_ver</tt><big>(</big><em>release=''</em>, <em>versioninfo=(''</em>, <em>''</em>, <em>'')</em>, <em>machine=''</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.mac_ver" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Get Mac OS version information and return it as tuple <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(release,</span> <span class="pre">versioninfo,</span>
<span class="pre">machine)</span></tt> with <em>versioninfo</em> being a tuple <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(version,</span> <span class="pre">dev_stage,</span>
<span class="pre">non_release_version)</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Entries which cannot be determined are set to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">''</span></tt>.  All tuple entries are
strings.</p>
</dd></dl>

</div>
<div class="section" id="unix-platforms">
<h2>15.15.5. Unix Platforms<a class="headerlink" href="#unix-platforms" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.dist">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">dist</tt><big>(</big><em>distname=''</em>, <em>version=''</em>, <em>id=''</em>, <em>supported_dists=('SuSE'</em>, <em>'debian'</em>, <em>'redhat'</em>, <em>'mandrake'</em>, <em>...)</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.dist" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>This is an old version of the functionality now provided by
<a class="reference internal" href="#platform.linux_distribution" title="platform.linux_distribution"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">linux_distribution()</span></tt></a>. For new code, please use the
<a class="reference internal" href="#platform.linux_distribution" title="platform.linux_distribution"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">linux_distribution()</span></tt></a>.</p>
<p>The only difference between the two is that <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dist()</span></tt> always
returns the short name of the distribution taken from the
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">supported_dists</span></tt> parameter.</p>
<p class="deprecated">
<span class="versionmodified">Deprecated since version 2.6.</span></p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.linux_distribution">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">linux_distribution</tt><big>(</big><em>distname=''</em>, <em>version=''</em>, <em>id=''</em>, <em>supported_dists=('SuSE'</em>, <em>'debian'</em>, <em>'redhat'</em>, <em>'mandrake'</em>, <em>...)</em>, <em>full_distribution_name=1</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.linux_distribution" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Tries to determine the name of the Linux OS distribution name.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">supported_dists</span></tt> may be given to define the set of Linux distributions to
look for. It defaults to a list of currently supported Linux distributions
identified by their release file name.</p>
<p>If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">full_distribution_name</span></tt> is true (default), the full distribution read
from the OS is returned. Otherwise the short name taken from
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">supported_dists</span></tt> is used.</p>
<p>Returns a tuple <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(distname,version,id)</span></tt> which defaults to the args given as
parameters.  <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">id</span></tt> is the item in parentheses after the version number.  It
is usually the version codename.</p>
<p class="versionadded">
<span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.6.</span></p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="platform.libc_ver">
<tt class="descclassname">platform.</tt><tt class="descname">libc_ver</tt><big>(</big><em>executable=sys.executable</em>, <em>lib=''</em>, <em>version=''</em>, <em>chunksize=2048</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.libc_ver" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Tries to determine the libc version against which the file executable (defaults
to the Python interpreter) is linked.  Returns a tuple of strings <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(lib,</span>
<span class="pre">version)</span></tt> which default to the given parameters in case the lookup fails.</p>
<p>Note that this function has intimate knowledge of how different libc versions
add symbols to the executable is probably only usable for executables compiled
using <strong class="program">gcc</strong>.</p>
<p>The file is read and scanned in chunks of <em>chunksize</em> bytes.</p>
</dd></dl>

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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">15.15. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">platform</span></tt> &#8212;  Access to underlying platform&#8217;s identifying data</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#cross-platform">15.15.1. Cross Platform</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#java-platform">15.15.2. Java Platform</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#windows-platform">15.15.3. Windows Platform</a><ul>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mac-os-platform">15.15.4. Mac OS Platform</a></li>
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